Diagnosis begins by a thorough medical examination which tests for sensory function and movement as well as taking into account
details of the incident/accident. In order to confirm the diagnosis and to locate the site of the injury, the following imaging techniques may be used:
- x-rays are used on all patients who are suspected of having a spinal cord injury. X-rays can reveal problems with the vertebae, tumours, fractures or
degenerative changes in the spine;
- computerised tomography (CT) scans can provide a better look at abnormalities that can be seen on an x-ray. CT scans produce a computerised series of
cross-sectional images that can define bone, disk and other problems;
- magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) which is useful in identifying herniated disks, blood clots or others masses that may be compressing the spinal cord.
MRI works by using a strong magnetic force and radio waves to create computer generated images. MRI cannot be used on people with pacemakers of those trauma
victims who need certain life-support machines or cervical traction devices;
- myeography which involves taking x-rays or CT scans after the spinal canal has been injected with a special dye. This technique is used to provide a
better view of the spinal nerves.
